Welding wire and welding rod are both materials used for welding, but there are differences:
Covered electrode refers to the process of evenly and centripetally applying coating (coating) to the metal welding core. The welding core is the metal core of the welding rod. In order to ensure the quality and performance of the welding seam, there are strict regulations on the content of various metal elements in the welding core, especially for the content of harmful impurities (such as sulfur, phosphorus, etc.), which should be strictly limited and superior to the base material. The welding rod consists of two parts: the welding core and the coating. The types of welding cores vary. The composition of the welding core directly affects the composition and performance of the weld metal, so the harmful elements in the welding core should be minimized as much as possible.
Low carbon steel is generally used as the welding core for welding carbon steel and low alloy steel, and manganese, silicon, chromium, nickel and other components are added (see the national standard GB1300-77 for welding wires). The reason for using low-carbon steel is that on the one hand, when the carbon content is low, the plasticity of the steel wire is good, and the drawing of the welding wire is relatively easy. On the other hand, it can reduce the reducing gas CO content, reduce splashing or porosity, and increase the temperature of the weld metal solidification, which is beneficial for overhead welding. The addition of other alloy elements is mainly to ensure the comprehensive mechanical properties of the weld seam, while also having a certain effect on the welding process performance and the removal of impurities.
High alloy steel, as well as other metal materials such as aluminum, copper, cast iron, etc., are required to have a welding core composition that is similar to the metal being welded. In addition, the content of impurities should also be controlled, and specific alloy elements should be often added according to process requirements.
Welding rod is a coated melting electrode for Arc welding, which is composed of coating and welding core. There is a chamfer of about 45 ° on the front end of the electrode coating, which is for the convenience of arc striking. There is a bare welding core at the tail, which accounts for about 1/16 of the total length of the welding rod, making it easy for the welding clamp to grip and conductive. The diameter of the welding rod actually refers to the diameter of the welding core, which is usually 2, 2.5, 3.2, or 3, 4, 5, or 6mm. The most commonly used types are small 3.2, small 4, and small 5, and their length "L" is generally between 200 and 550 mm.
Welding wire is a metal wire welding material used as a filler metal or both as a conductive material. In gas welding and Gas tungsten arc welding, the welding wire is used as filler metal; In Submerged arc welding, Electroslag welding and other Gas metal arc welding, the welding wire is both a filler metal and a conductive electrode. The surface of the welding wire is not coated with anti oxidation flux.
Production process and required equipment for welding wire:
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